Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds
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PROPOSALS FOR AMENDMENT TO THE ANNEXES TO THE AGREEMENT Introduction In accordance with Article X, paragraphs 2 and 3, proposals for amendment to the Agreement can be submitted to the Secretariat by any Contracting Party not less than one hundred and fifty days before the opening of the next session of the Meeting of the Parties. By the deadline for submission of proposals for amendment the Secretariat received the following proposals:
All these proposals for amendments, apart from the one submitted by Italy on 02 April 2008 concerning the status and definition of populations of the Little Tern (Sterna albifrons) and the Eurasian Oystercatcher (Haematopus ostralegus), resulted from the work of the Technical Committee over the triennium 2006-2008 and were sponsored by the respective Contracting Parties. In accordance with Article X, paragraph 3, the Secretariat transmitted copies of the proposals forthwith to all Contracting Parties and invited the Parties to comment until sixty days before the opening of MOP4. Comments were submitted by Sweden on 04 July 2008 and by the UK on 08 July 2008. Italy withdrew its proposal of 02 April 2008 concerning the status and definition of populations of the Little Tern (Sterna albifrons) and the Eurasian Oystercatcher (Haematopus ostralegus) on 10 July 2008. In accordance with Article X, paragraph 3, the Secretariat communicated all comments received to the Contracting Parties on 24 July 2008. This document provides an overview of all proposals for amendments submitted and all comments received. Action required from the Meeting of the Parties The Meeting of the Parties is invited to review all proposals for amendments and decide on their adoption. Overview of all proposals for amendment to the annexes to the Agreement submitted to MOP4 and comments received from Contracting Parties I. Proposals for amendments submitted by Mauritius on 23 January 2008 I.1 Proposals for amendments to Annex 2 (List of species to which the Agreement applies)
I.2 Proposals for amendments to Table 1 of Annex 3 (Status of the populations of migratory waterbirds)
Comments received from Sweden on 04 July 2008 In principle we are positive to the proposed amendment from Mauritius. However, we need more basic information about the argumentation on why these seabirds should be added to Annex II. Comments received from the UK on 08 July 2008 Accept that the species in question may benefit from coverage by AEWA, but unclear why other measures (IPOA) have failed (as it applies to the same states), and why this agreement would enhance conservation. We are concerned that any further extension of the Agreement to cover seabirds may dilute efforts from already agreed work priorities for existing species and could extend the mandate of the Agreement to identify actions beyond its initial mandate. II. Proposals for amendments submitted by Italy on 07 April 2008 II.1 Proposals for amendments to Table 1 of Annex 3 (Status of the populations of migratory waterbirds) II.1.1. Amendment to the definition of Category A1(b) Current definition: Species which are listed as threatened in Threatened Birds of the World (Birdlife International 2000) Proposed definition: Species which are listed as threatened on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, as reported in the most recent summary by BirdLife International II.1.2. Addition of missing definitions of geographical terms used in range descriptions Gulf: the Persian Gulf, Gulf of Oman and Arabian Sea west to the Gulf of Aden North-west Africa: Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia South-west Europe: Portugal, Spain and Mediterranean France South-east Europe: Albania, Armenia, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Georgia, Greece, FYR Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia and Turkey Caspian: Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, South-west Russia, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan South Europe: South-west Europe and South-east Europe, as defined above North Europe: North-west Europe and North-east Europe, as defined above Indian Ocean: Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius and Seychelles II.1.3. Changes in status of populations Recent information or improvement in data quality suggest that a change in status is appropriate for the following populations: Podiceps cristatus - NW & W Europe Upgrade from C1 to B2c. Population trend now decreasing Estimate and trend updated from 2004 compilation of national breeding population estimates and trends by BirdLife International Podiceps cristatus- Black Sea & Mediterraneean (win) Upgrade from C1 to B2c. Population trend now decreasing Estimate and trend updated from 2004 compilation of national breeding population estimates and trends by BirdLife International Podiceps nigricollis nigricollis - Europe/South & West Europe & North Africa Upgrade from C1 to B2c. Population trend now decreasing Estimate and trend updated from 2004 compilation of national breeding population estimates and trends by BirdLife International Podiceps grisegena grisegena - North-west Europe (win) Upgrade from B1 to A3c. Population trend now decreasing Estimate and trend updated from 2004 compilation of national breeding population estimates and trends by BirdLife International Podiceps grisegena grisegena - Black Sea & Mediterranean (win) Upgrade from B1 to A3c. Population trend now decreasing Estimate and trend updated from 2004 compilation of national breeding population estimates and trends by BirdLife International Podiceps auritus auritus - North-east Europe (small-billed) Upgrade from B1 to A2. Population estimate has decresed to below 25,000 Estimate and trend updated from 2004 compilation of national breeding population estimates and trends by BirdLife International Pelecanus onocrotalus - Southern Africa Downgrade from A2 to B1. Population estimated has increased to above 25,000 Estimate and trend updated from results of 2002 CAMP workshop for southern African Seabirds, included in 2005 compilation of African estimates and trends by Tim Dodman Pelecanus crispus - South-west Asia & South Asia (win) Upgrade from A2 to A1c. Population estimate has decresed to below 10,000 (also 1a ) Updated estimate and trend from 5th Medmaravis Symposium adjusted in 2005 by Pelican Specialist Group
Estimate updated from 2002 CAMP workshop for southern African Seabirds, included in 2005 7th edition of Birds of South Africa Platalea leucorodia leucorodia- West Europe/West Mediterranean & West Africa Downgrade from A1c to A2. Population estimated has increased to above 10,000 Estimate updated from Proceedings of Fourth Eurosite Spooonbill Workshop, 2002 Egretta ardesiaca - Sub-Saharan Africa Downgrade from A3c to B1. Population no longer considered to be decreasing Adjustment to letter-code estimate (from Handbook of the Birds of the World) advised by B Trolliet and included in 2005 compilation of African estimates and trends by Tim Dodman, who also considered declining trend unjustified Casmerodius albus albus- W, C & SE Europe/Black Sea & Mediterranean Downgrade from A2 to B1. Population estimated has increased to above 25,000 New population estimate adopted by the Heron Specialist group in 2002, based on a chapter in the 2000 publication Heron Conservation Bubulcus ibis ibis- East Mediterranean & South-west Asia Downgrade from A2 to B1. Population estimated has increased to above 25,000 New estimate adopted by the Heron Specialist group in 2002, based on a chapter in the 2000 publication Heron Conservation Botaurus stellaris stellaris- South-west Asia (win) Downgrade from A2 to B1. Population estimated has increased to above 25,000 New population estimate adopted by the Heron Specialist group in 2002, based on a chapter in the 2000 publication Heron Conservation Cygnus columbianus bewickii- Western Siberia & NE Europe/North-west Europe Upgrade from A3c to A2. Population estimate has decresed to below 25,000 New estimate compiled from 2003 UK Census report and 2004 Dutch Census report Anser albifrons flavirostris Upgrade from A3a to A2 The new estimate, based on a publication of the Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust, is below 25,000 Branta leucopsis- Svalbard/South-west Scotland Downgrade from A2 to B1. Population estimated has increased to above 25,000 Unpublished census data from The Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust Branta ruficollis- Northern Siberia/Black Sea & Caspian (also A1a, A 1b, 3a) Add A3c to current status of A1a, A1b, and A3a. Population estimate has decreased by 50% in 10 years Unpublished census data compiled by Sergey Dereliev Alopochen aegyptiacus- West Africa Upgrade from A2 to A1c. Population estimate has decresed to below 10,000 Updated estimate advised by B Trolliet on basis of recent aerial surveys, and included in 2005 compilation of African estimates and trends by Tim Dodman Plectropterus gambensis gambensis- West Africa Upgrade from C1 to B1. Population estimate has decreased to below 100,000 Updated estimate advised by B Trolliet on basis of recent aerial surveys, and included in 2005 compilation of African estimates and trends by Tim Dodman Somateria mollissima mollissima- Baltic, Denmark & Netherlands Upgrade from C1 to B2d. Population trend now considered to be fluctuating Updated estimate published in 2002 paper by Desholm et al. Polysticta stelleri- Western Siberia/North-east Europe Upgrade from B1 to A2. Population estimate has decresed to below 25,000 (also 1a) New appraisal of population by Zydelis et al., submitted for publication in 2004 Bucephala clangula clangula- Western Siberia & North-east Europe/Black Sea Downgrade from A2 to B1. Population estimated has increased to above 25,000 2004 compilation of national breeding population estimates and trends by BirdLife International confirmed that previous estimates, based on winter counts, were too low Bucephala clangula clangula- Western Siberia/Caspian Downgrade from A2 to C1. Population estimated has increased to above 100,000 2004 compilation of national breeding population estimates and trends by BirdLife International, together with 2001 published data on birds wintering in southern Russia, confirmed that previous estimates, based on few winter counts, were too low Mergellus albellus- Western Siberia/South-west Asia Downgrade from A3c to B1. Population no longer considered to be decreasing Data quality not sufficient to estimate trend Bucephala clangula clangula- North-east Europe/Adriatic Downgrade from B1 to C1. Population estimate has increased to above 100,000 2004 compilation of national breeding population estimates and trends by BirdLife International confirmed that previous estimates, based on winter counts, were too low Grus paradisea- Extreme Southern Africa (Also 1b) Downgrade from A2 to B1. Population estimated has increased to above 25,000 Updated estimate published in 2005 paper by McCann et al. Grus grus- North-west Europe/Iberia & Morocco Downgrade from B1 to C1. Population estimate has increased to above 100,000 Updated estimate published in 2003 book by Mewes et al. Rallus aquaticus- Europe & North Africa Upgrade from C1 to B2c. Population trend now decreasing Estimate and trend updated from 2004 compilation of national breeding population estimates and trends by BirdLife International Porzana porzana- Europe/Africa Downgrade from B2c to B2d. Trend now considerd to be Fluctuating rather than Declining Estimate and trend updated from 2004 compilation of national breeding population estimates and trends by BirdLife International Porzana pusilla intermedia- Europe (bre) Upgrade from A2 to A1c. Population estimate has decresed to below 10,000 Estimate and trend updated from 2004 compilation of national breeding population estimates and trends by BirdLife International Haematopus ostralegus longipes- SE Eur & W Asia/SW Asia & NE Africa Upgrade from C1 to B2c. Population trend now decreasing Trend updated from 2004 compilation of national breeding population estimates and trends by BirdLife International Glareola nordmanni Downgrade from A3b/A3c to B2b/B2c. Extensive surveys within the breeding range in 2006 and 2007 revealed the extent of earlier under-estimates. Glareola ocularis- Madagascar/East Africa Upgrade from A2 to A1c. Population estimate has decresed to below 10,000 More precise estimate and new trend advised by Frank Hawkins and included in 2005 summary of African estimates and trends by Tim Dodman Pluvialis apricaria apricaria- Britain, Ireland, Denmark, Germany & Baltic (bre) Downgrade from A3c to B2c. Population estimate has increased to above 100,000 New estimate published in 2005 report by Ole Thorup. Former estimate too low because birds breeding in S Scandinavia erroneously excluded Charadrius mongolus Downgrade from B(1) to C1. Population estimate now above 100,000 Previous estimates neglected the portion of the population which winters on the west coast of India and Pakistan. Vanellus gregarius Change A1c to A2. Population estimate now above 10,000 Extensive surveys within the breeding range in 2004 - 2007 revealed the extent of earlier under-estimates. Also qualifies under A1b. Lymnocryptes minimus- Western Siberia/SW Asia & NE Africa Downgrade from B1 to C1. Population estimate has increased to above 100,000 Revised estimate based on 2003 status report by Herby Kalchreuter Tringa glareola- North-west Europe/West Africa Downgrade from B2c to C1. Population no longer considered to be decreasing Revised estimate published in 2005 report. by Ole Thorup. Trend from 2004 compilation of national breeding population estimates and trends by BirdLife International Phalaropus fulicarus- Canada & Greenland/Atlantic coast of Africa Upgrade from C1 to B2c. Population trend now decreasing Updated estimate and trend published in 2005 report on North American wader populations by Morrison et al. Larus leucophthalmus – Red Sea and nearby coasts Downgrade from A2 to B1. Population estimated has increased to above 25,000 Updated estimate published in 2003 PERSGA report on status of seabirds in Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Larus canus heinei- NE Europe & Western Siberia/Black Sea & Caspian Downgrade from B1 to C1. Population estimate has increased to above 100,000 Estimate updated from 2004 compilation of national breeding population estimates and trends by BirdLife International Larus argentatus argenteus- Iceland & Western Europe Upgrade from C1 to B2c. Population trend now decreasing Estimate and trend updated from 2004 compilation of national breeding population estimates and trends by BirdLife International Larus ridibundus- W Europe/W Europe, W Mediterranean, West Africa Upgrade from C1 to B2c. Population trend now decreasing Estimate and trend updated from 2004 compilation of national breeding population estimates and trends by BirdLife International Larus minutus- Central & E Europe/SW Europe & W Mediterranean Downgrade from B1 to C1. Population estimate has increased to above 100,000 Estimate and trend updated from 2004 compilation of national breeding population estimates and trends by BirdLife International Sterna bergii velox Change from A3a to A2. Population estimate has decreased to below 25,000 Estimate changed by Tim Dodman during review of Indian Ocean seabird populations included in Appendix 5 of the 2008 Conservation Status Report. Sterna sandvicensis sandvicensis- Black Sea & Mediterranean (bre) Downgrade from A3a to B2a. Population estimate has increased to above 100,000 Estimate and trend updated from 2004 compilation of national breeding population estimates and trends by BirdLife International Sterna albifrons albifrons- Eastern Atlantic (bre) Add category A3c. Population now considered to be decreasing Estimate and trend updated from 2004 compilation of national breeding population estimates and trends by BirdLife International Sterna albifrons albifrons- Black Sea & East Mediterranean (bre) Add category A3b. Reason for this proposal not recorded Estimate updated from 2004 compilation of national breeding population estimates and trends by BirdLife International Chlidonias hybridus hybridus- Western Europe & North-west Africa (bre) Downgrade from A3c to B1. Population no longer considered to be decreasing Estimate and trend updated from 2004 compilation of national breeding population estimates and trends by BirdLife International. Population in Algeria added from 2000 national Avifauna Chlidonias hybridus sclateri- Eastern Africa (Kenya & Tanzania) Downgrade from A1c to A2. Population estimated has increased to above 10,000 More precise estimate included in 2005 review of African estimates and trends by Tim Dodman II.1.4. Newly recognised populations and changes in population boundaries Larus fuscus intermedius: - S Scandinavia, Netherlands, Ebro Delta (Spain): C1 Add new population. Reason for previous exclusion and failure to separate from nominate fuscus unknown The following taxa have been divided into two populations. Divisions recommended by Heron and Flamingo Specialist Groups, or derived from reviews of literature Phalacrocorax nigrogularis - Gulf & Arabian Sea: A1b, B2a, B2c Divide into: - Arabian Coast;: A1b, B2a, B2c - Gulf of Aden, Socotra, Arabian Sea: A1b, B1 Egretta garzetta garzetta - Europe, Black Sea & Mediterranean/W & C Africa: C1 Divide into: - Western Europe, NW Africa: C1 - Central & E Europe, Black Sea, E Mediterranean: B1 Ardea cinerea cinerea - Europe & North Africa (bre): C1 Divide into: - Northern & Western Europe: C1 - Central & Eastern Europe: C1 Bubulcus ibis ibis- South-west Europe & North-west Africa: C1 Divide into: - South-west Europe: C1 - North-west Africa: C1 Ardeola ralloides ralloides- Medit., Black Sea & N Africa/Sub-Saharan Africa: A3c Divide into: - SW Europe, NW Africa (bre): A1c - C & E Europe/Black Sea & E Mediterranean (bre): B1 Nycticorax nycticorax nycticorax- Europe & NW Africa/Mediterranean & Africa: B2c Divide into: - W Europe, NW Africa (bre): A3c - C & E Europe/Black Sea & E Mediterranean (bre): B2c Ixobrychus minutus minutus- Europe & North Africa/Sub-Saharan Africa; B2c Divide into: - W Europe, NW Africa/Subsaharan Africa: A2 - C & E Europe, Black Sea & E Mediterranean/Subsaharan Africa: B2c Botaurus stellaris stellaris- Europe (bre): A3c Divide into: - W Europe, NW Africa (bre): A1c - C & E Europe, Black Sea & E Mediterranean (bre): B2c Phoenicopterus roseus- East Mediterranean, South-west & South Asia: B2a Divide into: - East Mediterranean: A3a - South-west & South Asia: B2a Sarothrura ayresi- Ethiopia and Southern Africa: A1a, A1b, A1c Divide into: - Ethiopia: A1a, A1b, A1c - Southern Africa: A1a, A1b, A1c Charadrius marginatus mechowi- Southern & Eastern Africa: A2 Divide into: - Inland Eastern to Southern Africa: A2 - Coastal E Africa: A2 Charadrius marginatus Inland Eastern to Southern Africa Change name of population to “mechowi/tenellus inland East and Central Africa”. Literature review by Tim Dodman for Draft Wader Atlas. Charadrius marginatus West to West-Central Africa Change name of population to “West Africa”. Literature review by Tim Dodman for Draft Wader Atlas. Tringa totanus NW Europe/W Europe, NW & W Africa – Change name of population to “Northern Europe (breeding)” and downgrade from B2c to C1. Change of population boundaries recommended by H Meltofte and W Meissner and included in the Draft Wader Atlas. Tringa totanus central & East Europe/East Mediterranean & Africa - Change name of population to “Central & East Europe (breeding)”. Change of population boundaries recommended by H Meltofte and W Meissner and included in the Draft Wader Atlas. Calidris maritima North & West Europe (excluding Iceland) – Change name of population to “N Europe & W Siberia (breeding)”. Change of population boundaries resulting from literature review and consultation of experts (including Ron Summers) by Derek Scott, and included in the Draft Wader Atlas. Calidris maritima Add new population called “NE Canada & N Greenland (breeding)” with category A3c. Change of population boundaries resulting from literature review and consultation of experts (including Ron Summers) by Derek Scott, and included in the Draft Wader Atlas. II.1.5. Errors in second edition of AEWA conservation status report (corrected for third edition):
Prohibit the possession or utilization of, and trade in, birds and eggs of the populations which have been taken in contravention of any prohibition laid down pursuant to the provisions of this paragraph, as well as the possession or utilization of, and trade in, any parts of such birds and their eggs. Proposed new wording: Prohibit the possession or utilization of, and trade in, birds and eggs of the populations which have been taken in contravention of any prohibition laid down pursuant to the provisions of this paragraph, as well as the possession or utilization of, and trade in, any readily recognisable parts or derivatives of such birds and their eggs. Reason for the amendment: This amendment is being proposed in order to align the wording of paragraph 2.1.2(d) with the previous paragraph 2.1.1(c) dealing with trade in Column A populations. Comments received from the UK on 08 July 2008 Support amendment of 2.1.2(d) of the action plan to ensure consistent wording. III.2. Proposal for amendments to paragraph 7.5 of the AEWA Action Plan on frequency of update of international reviews Current wording The Agreement secretariat shall endeavour to ensure that the reviews mentioned in paragraph 7.4 are updated at intervals of not more than three years. Proposed new wording The Agreement Secretariat shall endeavour to ensure that the reviews mentioned in paragraph 7.4 are updated at the following intervals:
Reason for the amendment: This amendment is being proposed in order to adjust the frequency of updating the international reviews to a more adequate and cost-efficient level. Most of the mandatory seven reviews would not benefit from such frequent updates, because they cover issues which are not so dynamic in their development. By bringing the frequency of updating international reviews to more optimal level, the new proposal will establish more reasonable financial and workload implications for the Contracting Parties. Paragraph 7.4. for reference The Agreement secretariat, in coordination with the Technical Committee and the Parties, shall prepare a series of international reviews necessary for the implementation of this Action Plan, including: (a) reports on the status and trends of populations; (b) gaps in information from surveys; (c) the networks of sites used by each population, including reviews of the protection status of each site as well as of the management measures taken in each case; (d) pertinent hunting and trade legislation in each country relating to the species listed in Annex 2 to this Agreement; (e) the stage of preparation and implementation of single species action plans; (f) re-establishment projects; and (g) the status of introduced non-native waterbird species and hybrids thereof.
Parties shall endeavour to phase out the use of lead shot for hunting in wetlands by the year 2000. Proposed new wording Parties shall endeavour to phase out the use of lead shot for hunting in wetlands in accordance with self-imposed and published timetables. Reason for the amendment: This amendment is being proposed in order to change the redundant deadline of year 2000 and introduce the approach of customised deadlines following the decision of MOP in its Resolution 2.2, operative paragraph. Comments received from the UK on 08 July 2008 Agree the action plan does look odd, with a target of 2000, but previous discussion has not revealed appetite for change. However, open ended wording suggested does not convey urgency of action. Tend to oppose, prefer wording with a fixed time period, perhaps linked to ratification date for parties, e.g. “within 6 years of ratification of this agreement.” IV.2. Proposal for amendments to section 4.3 of the AEWA Action Plan dealing with management of human activities - new paragraphs to be added Parties shall minimise the impact of fisheries1 on migratory waterbirds, and where possible cooperate, in order to decrease the mortality in areas within and beyond national jurisdiction; appropriate measures shall especially address incidental killing and bycatch in fishing gear including the use of gill nets, longlines and trawling. Comments received from the UK on 08 July 2008 Intrinsically linked with the proposed seabird additions which the UK cannot at this time express support, and may need to be revisited in light of discussions on those species. If seabird species agreed to be added, look for consistency of wording with other Agreements. If seabird proposal accepted, seek amendment in line with similar agreement text in ACAP – suggest: “The Parties shall take appropriate operational, management and other measures to reduce the mortality of waterbird populations listed in table 1 resulting incidentally from fishing activities. Where possible, the measures applied should follow best current practice.” Parties shall minimise the impact of fisheries on migratory waterbirds resulting in particular from unsustainable fishing that cause depletion of food resources for migratory waterbirds. Comments received from the UK on 08 July 2008 Again linked to the proposed addition of further seabirds. If that is not taken forward, the UK is not convinced that the case for a particular action directed primarily at sea fishing is required. Section 4.3.1 of the Action Plan should address this with respect to new fisheries. Parties shall establish and effectively enforce adequate statutory pollution controls in accordance with international norms and legal agreements, particularly as related to oil spills, discharge and dumping of solid wastes, for the purpose of minimizing their impacts on the populations listed in Table 1. Comments received from the UK on 08 July 2008 Agree with the sentiment, but not convinced that these activities are not already covered. Parties shall establish appropriate measures to eliminate the threat from non-native terrestrial predators to breeding migratory waterbirds on islands and islets. Measures should refer to contingency planning to prevent invasion, emergency responses to remove introduced predators, and restoration programs for islands where predator populations are already established. Comments received from the UK on 08 July 2008 Oppose, consider unnecessary as this should be addressed by section 2.5 of the action plan. Parties shall establish appropriate measures to eliminate threats from aquaculture on migratory waterbirds, especially when dealing with new or enlargement of existing installations, and involving issues such as pollution (from medicinal remains or eutrophication), habitat loss, entanglement risks, and introduction of non-native and potentially invasive species. Comments received from the UK on 08 July 2008 Sympathetic to the proposal, but consider most of this is covered by 4.3.1 of the action plan already and consider aquaculture projects should be covered by 4.3.1 of the current action plan. Reason for the amendment: These new paragraphs are being proposed in order to introduce conservation activities addressing threats to waterbirds resulting from human activities, in particular in marine environment, but also associated with any kind of marine or freshwater aquaculture. 1 “fisheries / fisheries resources” includes aquaculture and refers to either marine or freshwater fish, crustaceans, and molluscs (e.g. bivalves, gastropods and cephalopods). | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
